Policy & Ethicsnuclear energysmrholtecregulation
India Opens Nuclear Sector To Private Industry
9.8
India's parliament approved the SHANTI Bill in December 2025, repealing the Atomic Energy Act and opening the civil nuclear sector to private companies while granting statutory independence to the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board. India operates 25 reactors (8.88 GW) and targets 100 GW by 2047, requiring about ₹19 lakh crore ($214 billion); Holtec announced plans for up to 200 SMRs and firms like Adani explore nuclear for AI data centres.
Key Points
- 1Enables private firms to build, own, operate, and decommission civil nuclear plants in India.
- 2Addresses capacity bottleneck amid 25 reactors (8.88 GW) and a 100 GW national target by 2047.
- 3Requires open R&D, SMR development, and private-academic participation to avoid foreign technology dependence.
Scoring Rationale
Major legislative opening and broad industry implications, but implementation, R&D gaps and financing pose execution risks.
Sources
Public references used for this report.
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