Study Analyzes Singlish Evolution Over Decade

In a Jan. 10, 2026 arXiv preprint, Linus Tze En Foo investigates the evolution of Singlish by analyzing a decade of informal digital text messages. The study proposes a stylistic similarity framework comparing lexico-structural, pragmatic, psycholinguistic and encoder-derived features to quantify temporal variation, finding shifts in tone, expressivity and sentence construction and persistent temporal signals in LLM-generated Singlish despite prompting and fine-tuning.